METODELOGI PENELITIAN

Penelitian pada dasarnya adalah merupakan aktifitas dan metode berfikir yang digunakan untuk memecahkan atau menjawab suatu masalah karena dorongan atau rasa ingin tahu sehingga yang semula belum diketahui dan dipahami nantinya akan diketahui dan dipahami
suatu aktifitas metode berfikir yang terancang,sistematis dan untukmemecahkan atau menjawab suatujawabn suatu masalah disebut dengan METODE ILMIAH
usaha yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode 2 ilmiah :

1. menemukan
2. mengembangkan
3. menguji kebenaran
4. metodelogi
5. sistematis
6. berencana
7. mengikuti konsep ilmiah

KEGIATAN SERTIFIKASI LAMBUNG TIMBUL
Sertifikasi Lambung TImbul adalah kegiatan statutoria yang merupakan pelimpahan wewenang dari Negara Bendera Kapal.Prosedur Sertifikasi Garis Muat :
Mengajukan permohonan ke cabang BKI terdekat.
Mengirim gambar Rencana Umum dan Perhitungan Stabilitas ke BKI.
Surveyor BKI memverifikasi persyaratan Lambung Timbul di kapal
BKI Pusat menerbitkan Instruksi Pemasangan Lambung Timbul
Pemasangan Tanda Lambung Timbul di kapal diawasi oleh Surveyor BKI
Penerbitan Sertifikat Lambung Timbul. Terdapat 2 (dua) jenis sertifikat lambung timbul yaitu :
Sertifikat Lambung Timbul sesuai dengan Peraturan Garis Muat Indonesia (PGMI 1986) yang berlaku untuk perairan Indonesia dan sekitarnya. Sertifikat ini berlaku 4 (empat) tahun.
Sertifikat Lambung Timbul sesuai Internasional Load Line Convention (ILLC 1966) yang berlaku untuk kapal samudera. Sertifikat ini berlaku 5 (lima) tahun. Kapal yang telah memiliki sertifikat Lambung Timbul wajib melaksanakan survey periodik Lambung Timbul yang dilaksanakan oleh Surveyor BKI dan selesai pelaksanaan survey, Sertifikat Lambung Timbul dkukuhkan (endorse).

ISTILAH PERMESINAN KAPAL

1. manuver adalah suatu gerakan kapal atau olah gerak kapal baik akan berlayar maupun tiba
2. pulifier adalah pesawat pemisah untuk minyak dengan air
3. parifier adalah pesawat pemisah untuk minyak dengan kotoran-kotoran padat yang halus
4. bunker istilah kapal waktu melakukan pengisian minyak
5. instrument cargo adalah suatu rangkaian peralatan bantu untuk suatu sistem automatic
6. automatic control adalah suatu peralatan bantu yang bekerja berdasarkan suatu progam yang telah dilakukan sbg petunjuk atau penunjuk
7. tingkat tekanan adalah tingkat dimana terjadi perubahan energi panas/potensi menjadi energi gerak/kinetis

What is the STCW Convention?
The Standards of Training, Certification & Watchkeeping (STCW) Convention was drafted in 1978. In it’s first version, it had little impact on the US mariner because it really just formalized a system nearly identical to the US system, around the world. It established such things as the requirement for 4 years of experience for a Master 1600 gt license.The big change came in 1995 when the US Coast Guard approached the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and asked them to amend the convention. Significant changes were made to the convention. The STCW 95 amendments did not have to be ratified like the original convention because it was an amendment to an existing convention. The amendments, however, completely re-wrote enforcement related to the Convention, and more importantly created an STCW Code (similar to the USCG licensing regulations) that set stringent standards for mariners to meet.Unlike the original 1978 Convention, the 1995 Amendments required a separate piece of paper to certify that the mariner met the requirements. The STCW Certificate was the result. People get confused about these certificates because there is a 1978 Certificate and a 1995 Certificate. Both of these certificates were created at the same time!!!
The STCW 1978 Certificate means that a mariner was working aboard ship before August 1, 1998 and hasn’t completed all of the grandfather requirements, yet. New mariners (1st day aboard ship after Aug. 1, 98) cannot get an STCW 1978 Certificate. They have to comply with all of the Convention requirements! STCW 1995 Certificates are issued to grandfathered mariners after they do the "gap closing" training. (click here to see what you have to do). In the United States of America, after January 31, 2003, existing mariners will no longer be able to get an STCW 95 Certificate by just completing the "gap closing" training. Starting February 1, 2003, all mariners will have to fully comply with the STCW 95 amendments. This February 1, 2003 deadline represents a 1 year extension from the original deadline. Note: Even though the deadline for completing "gap closing" training has been extended 1 year for US mariners, they are still required to have the STCW 95 certificate BEFORE they can enter the waters of another country.Some mariners who only operate in US waters have less requirements. The mariners who have licenses for 200 gross registered tons or less; and/or, Z-card holders working on Offshore Supply Vessels of 500 gross registered tons or less have different requirements.